Gingivitis is an inflammation of the gums and the initial stage of gum disease which makes it the easiest to treat. The direct cause of gingivitis is plaque. Plaque is difficult to remove if it builds up. This can be prevented by daily brushing and flossing. During this beginning stage of gum disease, the damage can be reversed because the bone and connective tissue are not affected. If left untreated, gingivitis can become periodontitis, causing permanent damage to your teeth and jaw.
Classic signs of gingivitis and periodontitis include red, swollen, tender gums that bleed when you brush. Another sign is having gums receding away from teeth, giving your teeth a larger appearance. Gum disease causes pockets to form in-between the teeth and gums, where plaque and food build up.
Good oral hygiene is essential in preventing gingivitis. Professional cleanings are also extremely important because once plaque has hardened and become tartar, only a dental professional can remove it.
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